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Food name Side stream Component group Component Value Unit Description Reference
Nuts, unspecified Nut shells Inorganics Carbon, fixed 19.22 % Almond ECN Phyllis 2
Sugar cane Sugar cane leaves Inorganics Carbon, fixed 9.97 % Higher heating value given as 16.000-17600 kJ/kg; in Biomass and Bioenergy 13 (1997) 141-146 it is given as 17.430 kJ/kg. The higher value may apply to dry ash-free material. ECN Phyllis 2
Nuts, unspecified Nut shells Inorganics Carbon, fixed 15.5 % Almond. Fluid ash fusion temperature above 1400°C ECN Phyllis 2
Courgette Courgette plant Inorganics Carbon, fixed 0.57 % ECN Phyllis 2
Olive Olive kernels Inorganics Carbon, fixed 17.81 % Fraction > 1mm. Cl calculated from ash (assuming Cl in biomass/Cl in ash = 3, like ID 1764); ash sintering starts at 750°C, fully fused at 900°C ECN Phyllis 2
Rice Rice husk Inorganics Carbon, fixed 15.02 % d.b. Before soaking pre-treatment A detailed study of the effects of pyrolysis temperature and feedstock particle size on the preparation of nanosilica from rice husk
Olive Olive husk Inorganics Carbon, fixed 32.8 % Extractive matter (alcohol/benzen 1/1) 9.4%; cellulose etc. extractive-free ECN Phyllis 2
Coconut Coconut shell Inorganics Carbon, fixed 17.7 % ECN Phyllis 2
Olive Olive pits Inorganics Carbon, fixed 21.2 % ECN Phyllis 2
Coconut Coconut fibre dust Inorganics Carbon, fixed 29.7 % Devolatilisation occurs between 330 and 600°C, maximum rate at 350°C ECN Phyllis 2