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Food name Side stream Component group Component Value Unit Description Reference
Sugar by-products, unspecified Bagasse Waste compounds Heating value, high 18.1 MJ/kg d.b. A techno-economic evaluation of the effects of centralized cellulosic ethanol and co-products refinery options with sugarcane mill clustering
Tomatoes Tomato plant Waste compounds Heating value, high 1.55 MJ/kg C,H and N determined according to UNE-CEN/TS 15104:2008 EX. S according to ASTM D4239-08, Cl according to ASTM E776-87. Erroneous data for ash metal content corrected after consultation with authors. ECN Phyllis 2
Brewer's yeast/grains, unspecified Brewing cake Waste compounds Heating value, high 21.97 MJ/kg d.b. NOSHAN
Nuts, unspecified Nut hulls Waste compounds Heating value, high 18.16 MJ/kg Almond, shells (hulls). Ash type: 600 Degree Celcius ECN Phyllis 2
Tomatoes Tomato skin Waste compounds Heating value, high 22.22 MJ/kg d.b. NOSHAN
Coconut Coconut fibre dust Waste compounds Heating value, high 20.05 MJ/kg Devolatilisation occurs between 330 and 600°C, maximum rate at 350°C ECN Phyllis 2
Sugar cane Sugar cane bagasse Waste compounds Heating value, high 30.62 MJ/kg Char. Produced at 530°C by vacuum pyrolysis ECN Phyllis 2
Olive Olive husk Waste compounds Heating value, high 17.83 MJ/kg Ash type: 815°C ECN Phyllis 2
Poultry Feathers Waste compounds Heating value, high 7.9 MJ/kg Turkey Bioenergy from feathers gasification - Efficiency and performance analysis
Nuts, unspecified Nut shells Waste compounds Heating value, high 17.23 MJ/kg Hazelnut. Corylus avellana, sample 3, samples from Trabzon, Turkey ECN Phyllis 2