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Food name Side stream Component group Component Value Unit Description Reference
Tomatoes Tomato cake Inorganics Hydrogen 7.6 % d.b. Analysis of the characteristics of the tomato manufacturing residues finalized to the energy recovery
Sugar cane Sugar cane leaves Inorganics Hydrogen 3.69 % Higher heating value given as 16.000-17600 kJ/kg; in Biomass and Bioenergy 13 (1997) 141-146 it is given as 17.430 kJ/kg. The higher value may apply to dry ash-free material. ECN Phyllis 2
Rice Rice husk Inorganics Hydrogen 4.5 % d.b. Before soaking pre-treatment A detailed study of the effects of pyrolysis temperature and feedstock particle size on the preparation of nanosilica from rice husk
Peanuts Char from peanut shells Inorganics Hydrogen 4.58 % Char produced at 350°C ECN Phyllis 2
Millet Millet husk Inorganics Hydrogen 5.28 % ECN Phyllis 2
Bamboo Biochar from bamboo stems Inorganics Hydrogen 3.16 % Bambusa vulgaris. Biochar produced at ECN, pyrolysed slowly at 400°C for 60 min in an auger type (screw) pyrolyser (Pyromaat) ECN Phyllis 2
Grape Grape marc Inorganics Hydrogen 5.73 % d.b. Analysis of the characteristics of the residues of the wine production chain finalized to their industrial and energy recovery
Straw Straw Inorganics Hydrogen 6.04 % ECN Phyllis 2
Olive Olive stones Inorganics Hydrogen 2 %, maf Vacuum carbonization solid product Conversion of olive wastes to volatiles and carbon adsorbents
Green waste Biochar from greenhouse waste Inorganics Hydrogen 1.53 % Pepper residues 600/60/1. Combustion temperature: 600°C, 60 minutes, 1% oxygen. Greenhouse waste biochar produced in the slow pyrolysis unit at ECN from greenhouse residues of pepper ECN Phyllis 2